(March 27, 1927- ) Born in New York City. Graduated from Harvard in 1948. Began career in journalism as deskman for Sunday New York Times (1948-52). In 1952 worked for the Democratic National Committee, and joined staff of Washington Daily News; won 1955 Pulitzer Prize for articles on federal government's loyalty security program. Returned to New York Times in 1955, reporting from Washington (1955-64), from Europe as London bureau chief (1965-72), and as editorial columnist (1969-2001). Won second Pulitzer in 1963 for Supreme Court reporting. Lectured on the Constitution and the press at Harvard, 1974-89; has been a visiting lecturer at Columbia and universities of Arizona, California, Illinois, and Oregon. His books include Gideon's Trumpet (1964), Portrait of a Decade: The Second American Revolution (1964), and Make No Law: The Sullivan Case and the First Amendment (1992).