(June 9, 1888-August 14, 1975) Born Lucille Bernheimer in St. Louis. Graduated from School of Social Work at Columbia; worked as lobbyist for child welfare bills in Missouri. Studied labor movement as New York City factory worker. One of the founders of American Civil Liberties Union; served for 25 years as its executive secretary. Died in New York. Published Education of an American Liberal, a memoir, in 1954.